Agglomeration of ironore fines with particles sizes less than mm in a sinter plant is an integral part of the ironmaking process (Jankovic 2015; FernandezGonzalez et al. 2017).In a series of complex reactions between 1250 and 1350 °C, porous semimolten, centimetersized aggregates are formed containing ore particles (hematite and magnetite, constituting 40 to 70% vol.) cemented by a ...
Sinter making is an intermediate step in valueadded chain for producing steel. Iron ore fines (−10 mm) is agglomerated to make it suitable blast furnace feed. In sintering process, ironore is partially reduced, and different fluxes are added to eliminate the undesirable elements in the slag.
Iron ore pellets are small and hard spherical particles agglomerated from a fine iron ore concentrate. They are used in the blast furnace process to produce hot metal. The diameter of blast furnace pellets is usually between 8 and 16 mm. In this study, a batch of magnesia iron ore pellets was first sieved into particle sizes of 810 mm, mm, mm and 1620 mm, and the four ...
The sintering process produces iron ore agglomeration of size 1040 mm with better reducibility values than lumps. Utilization of a higher proportion of quality agglomerates in the burden increases the productivity of the blast furnace. The sintering process increases the productivity and reduces the requirement of fuel, flux, and operation time.
Sintering is a process by which a mixture of iron ores, fl uxes and coke is agglomerated in a sinter plant to manufacture a sinter product of a suitable composition, quality and...
Meanwhile, an iron ore sinter is a crucial material for the ironmaking process, and its chemical, physical, and metallurgical properties significantly impact the blast furnace (BF) performance. In turn, the main materials used for a sinter are iron ore fines, and their chemical compositions play a critical role in the sintering process. Due to ...
Iron making. The primary objective of iron making is to release iron from chemical combination with oxygen, and, since the blast furnace is much the most efficient process, it receives the most attention here. Alternative methods known as direct reduction are used in over a score of countries, but less than 5 percent of iron is made this way.
The coke combustion rate in an iron ore sintering process is one of the most important determining factors of quality and productivity. Biomass carbon material is considered to be a coke substitute with a lower CO2 emission in the sintering process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combustion rate of a biomass carbon material and to use a sintering simulation model to calculate ...
The sintering raw materials used in this test were from a Chinese iron and steel enterprise, including blended ore, return ore, dolomite, quicklime, coke, outsourced coke, fly ash, etc. The orematching scheme of the sintering pot test is shown in Table 4. In the test, dolomite was used as MgObearing flux, the proportion was fixed, and the ...
It opens up the possibility of the internal utilization of plant wastes for a sustainable steel production process. From the results, it can be concluded that the composite briquettes are made by using solid waste materials to recycling in blast furnaces as a partial replacement for prime iron bearing raw materials like iron ore, sinter and pellet.
Meanwhile, an iron ore sinter is a crucial material for the ironmaking process, and its chemical, physical, and metallurgical properties significantly impact the blast furnace (BF) performance. 9 In turn, the main materials used for a sinter are iron ore fines, and their chemical compositions play a critical role in the sintering process.
The ferric burden (FB) used to produce the pig iron, comprised of sinter, pellets and coarse iron ore, has the following chemical composition: 80% Fe 2 O 3, 10% CaO, 9% SiO 2, and 1% of other oxides. The coke (C) used in the process has the following composition: 90% C, 6% SiO 2, 1% CaO, and 2% of other oxides.
1 Introduction The sinter mix contains various materials such as iron ore, flux, solid fuel, plant return sinter fines, plant generated wastes, etc., where the majority of it is iron ore.
The target basicity of iron ore sinter is set by blast furnace slag composition requirements, and therefore varies with the proportion of acid burden such as lump iron ore and pellets. Increasing the lump proportion of the burden will increase the target sinter basicity. The mineralogy of sinter produced with a range of basicity between and was analysed using optical point counting ...
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke).
Iron ore sinter is the result of a complex physicochemical reaction among the minerals present in the sinter mix in the sintering zone of heating and cooling. The precipitated mineral phases are influenced by maximum temperature reached, chemical composition, oxygen partial pressure ( p O 2 ), and cooling rate [ 2 ].
Ore Sintering. The aim of the MEBIOS process is the formation of a ventilation route in the sintering bed by creating a lowdensity area around the large pellets arising from a kind of wall effect and suppression of sinter bed shrinkage due to support of the load by the dense large pellets in the upper part of the sinter bed. From: Iron Ore, 2015.
Like other sintering processes, iron ore sintering converts iron ore fines of often − 8 mm sizing into larger agglomerates, namely, sinter, between 5 and 50 mm particle size, which possess the physical and metallurgical characteristics and gas permeability required for efficient blast furnace operation.
The sintering basic characteristics of iron ore play a key role in the process of sintering. In this study, the effects of B 2 O 3 on the assimilation characteristics, softening temperature, fluidity of liquid phase, compressive strength of bonding phase, and microstructure of the mixed fine powder of hematite and vanadiumtitanium magnetite (HVTM) are studied.
During the iron ore sintering process, its SiO2 content considerably affects the sinter quality. In this study, the effect of SiO2 content on iron ore sintering indexes was studied, with mineral composition and microstructure analyses. It was shown that the strength and reducibility of sintering products improved when SiO2 content increased.
By contrast, concentrations of Si in iron ores played a significant role in decreasing PCDD/F and PCB emissions in both sinter and dust samples. This study also confirmed the optimum size (< 1 mm ...
Sinter is the primary feed material for making iron in a blast furnace. During the iron ore sintering process in iron and steel manufacturing, sinter is created by mixing iron ore concentrate with several additives such as limestone and silica to control the chemistry and then igniting it at 1200°C in a continuous beltfed furnace. The production of highquality sinter is crucial for assuring ...
In this article, the feasibility of this process was estimated from the point of the effects of MSWI fly ash addition on the iron ore sintering process, sinter mineral phase structure and ...
According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the sintering process converts finesized raw materials, including iron ore, coke breeze, limestone, mill scale, and flue dust, into an agglomerated product, sinter, of suitable size for charging into the blast furnace.
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents, and solid fuel (coke). The purpose of the sintering process is manufacturing a product with the suitable characteristics (thermal, mechanical, physical and chemical) to be fed to the blast furnace.
Sintering is a crucial process in integrated steel plants where a mixture of iron ores, fluxes, and coke are fused to produce a sinter. During sintering, various mineral phases crystallize and bind the grains together, resulting in a strong sinter.
The nontarget volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from iron and steel industry, especially from the iron ore sinter process, may be an underappreciated index imposing a negative effect on the surrounding areas of China. Therefore, we appeal the authorities to pay more attention on VOCs emission from the iron and steel industry and ...
Iron ore sintering is the iron ore powder agglomeration process that changes fine iron ore powder into the lumpy ironbearing raw material used for blast furnace ironmaking. Hightemperature process and addition of alkaline flux will improve metallurgical performance of ironbearing raw material.
Ironbearing materials: The function of the ironbearing materials is to supply the iron, which represents about % of the hot metal. Major ironbearing materials are lump ore (contains 5265% Fe), sinter (contains 5265% Fe) and pellets (contains 6067% Fe); minor ironbearing materials are mill scale and steelmaking slag (which ...
The iron ore mining giants BHP, Rio Tinto and Fortescue Metals fell between and % each. ... it would require making some fiscal instruments more nimble, strengthening the (semi) automatic ...
Sintering is a process for agglomeration of iron ore fines to be useful material in blast furnace. In this process, raw materials like iron ore fines, coke breeze, limestone and dolomite fines are blended with water to create an adhesive mixture, and then placed on a continuous, moving grate.
Due to the fierce competition among iron and steel industries, improvement in sinter quality has already become a hot topic in ironmaking process. Sinter ore with superior strength and reducibility promotes the smooth running of blast furnace and decreases the consumption of fuel [, ]. Complex calcium ferrite, which also named silicoferrite of ...
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